To extend the life of wooden buildings, as well as to prepare the walls for the finish coating, use plaster on wood for interior work. This procedure avoids the significant cost of expensive protective compounds that process wooden surfaces.
Plastering wooden walls allows you to get the following advantages:
- wooden walls are protected from decay;
- subject to all the rules for applying plaster, you can forget about such problems as fungus and mold;
- through a plastered wall, insects and rodents are much more difficult to penetrate into the living room.
The manifestation of these positive aspects is true subject to the main conditions for preparing the surface for plaster:
- The building must be naturally dried for at least a year.
- The shrink process must be completed.
The better to plaster the walls of wood
For plastering wooden walls inside the house, mortars based on: cement, lime, gypsum and clay are used. The use of this or that material, or their combination, depends on the nature of the room. So, for rooms with high humidity (bathrooms, kitchens) it is not recommended to use gypsum-based solutions, since this material does not tolerate the effects of water and is destroyed.
To give the plaster increased strength, it is recommended to use reinforcement. Fiber fiber is used as the reinforcing material, but to reliably fix the plaster on a log wall or timber, it will be necessary to apply shingles to the surface. It is impossible to achieve reliable adhesion of any solution with wood, which is why it is necessary to prepare the base in the form of a crate of thin battens.
The most expensive compositions for plastering wooden walls include gypsum-based mixtures, cement mortars are considered to be more accessible and universal, the cheapest type of plaster is a solution with a predominance of clay, but clay mortars cannot be used without reinforcement (fiberglass or plain straw).
For exterior walls, it is unacceptable to use gypsum-based mortars, in this case a cement-sand mortar with the addition of lime will be most suitable.
Instructions for plastering wooden walls inside
The plastering of the internal walls is carried out in stages, starting with the preparation of the surface and ending with the leveling of the applied mortar, but before starting work it is necessary to prepare the materials and tools that will be needed to obtain the perfect result.
Materials and Tools
To carry out plastering of walls, the following materials will be required:
- dry mix for solution preparation;
- water;
- primer;
- shingles with a thickness of not more than 5 mm and a width of 20 mm or metal mesh;
- profile rail for lighthouses;
- self-tapping screws 70 mm;
- nails 25 and 40 mm.
The following tools will be required to complete the work:
- a hammer;
- hacksaws for metal and wood;
- cross screwdriver;
- rule
- grater and grater;
- falcon;
- capacity for solution preparation;
- mixer;
- wide spatula;
- trowel;
- fishing line;
- chisel;
- roulette;
- 150 mm wide brush.
Wall preparation
Wall preparation begins with the removal of old coatings, wiring accessories and wiring. All contaminants should be removed from the surface of the wooden walls, including traces of oil, if any. If during shrinkage of the house there are cracks between the logs or timber, they should be caulked or covered with wooden planks.
A shingle or metal mesh is nailed to the prepared surface. The grid is mounted using a furniture gun, straightening the roll with the material so that there are no empty spaces.
Mounting shingles is as follows:
- Before starting work, it is recommended to soak the slats for 2 hours in water. Such a procedure will preserve the integrity of the material when fixing it with nails.
- Fasten the slats at an angle of 45 degrees to the floor. First, the first layer is beaten with a spacing of 50 mm, after which, on top of it, the second layer is stuffed. As a result, a grid with cells of 50x70 mm should form on the wall.
- The first layer of planks is nailed at the extreme points, the second layer is fixed with nails at the intersection of the planks with the first layer.
In order not to split the thin strip with nails, it is recommended to shift the installation location of the nail in the plane, it is also useful to slightly blunt the sharp end of the nail.
Beacon Installation
Before plastering a wooden wall on a prepared shingle or metal mesh, it is necessary to install beacons that will help to plaster strictly vertically.
As beacons, a profile is usually used. Before installing the beacons, you need to correctly determine the extreme points on the wall, for which the following work is done:
- Self-tapping screws are installed in the upper part of the wall and from below, which are aligned with each other along a plumb line. Such an operation is carried out at the extreme points of the wall;
- Self-tapping screws are connected with a fishing line in all directions, as a result of which they find the point of maximum wall protrusion;
- Increasing the distance from the wall with the help of self-tapping screws, they find a point protruding 5 mm beyond the point of maximum protrusion, and at this point the beacons begin to mount vertically with a spacing of 1000 mm. The distance from the wall is 100 mm;
- You can fix the beacons with a solution or special devices.
Work on the application of the solution is possible only after the complete drying of the mixture, which was used to attach the beacons.
Solution preparation
When using ready-made plaster mortars, you should adhere to the instructions for use indicated on the package. If you decide to make a solution with your own hands, then it is recommended to adhere to the following proportions:
- to prepare the spray solution you will need: cement or lime - 1 part, sand - 3 parts, gypsum - 0.5 parts;
- to prepare the primer, you will need: cement or lime - 1 part, sand - 3 parts, gypsum - 0.8 parts;
- to prepare a solution for nakryvki required: cement - 1 part, gypsum - 1 part.
Mixing the solution is carried out in a concrete mixer or in a separate container using a mixer. Water is added until the desired plasticity of the solution is obtained. To prepare a cement-sand mortar for spraying, it is permissible to use a plasticizer (liquid soap is suitable).
For stucco on wood inside the house, modern industry produces a lot of ready-made dry mixes, the Rotband brand is the most popular. This mixture has excellent adhesion to wood and is most often used to prepare the surface for subsequent finishing.
Plastering
The technology of plastering on shingles consists of three stages:
The first layer is applied, which is called spray. When preparing a solution for spraying, it is recommended to add a plasticizer (soap or PVA glue), which will quickly and efficiently fill all voids, and for beginners it will be easier to do this job simply with your hands than with a trowel.
The solution begins to be applied from the lower left corner with a thickness of not more than 10 mm, filling the gaps between the beacons.
The first layer should dry out a little, but not completely seize, after which you can begin to apply the soil layer. The consistency of the solution should be thick, application is carried out with a trowel from a falcon. The layer thickness should not exceed 20 mm. At this stage, the plaster mortar is aligned with the beacons using the rule with the removal of surplus and filling the voids. Alignment is carried out from bottom to top.
The prepared surface of the soil should be left to stand for at least five hours, after which it must be wiped, gradually compacting the solution layer, for which a grater is used.
A coating layer is applied after firmly rising soil. For finish use cement mortar, which is applied with a thickness of not more than 2 mm. For convenience, you can use a wide spatula. The final finishing of the surface is done with a grater.
How to plaster wood walls outside
There are practically no differences in how to plaster wooden walls from the outside, from carrying out internal work. It is also necessary to prepare the wall surface (to fill the cracks), and then attach the shingles. After making measurements, find the maximum point of the ledge on the wall, and then, focusing on this indicator, set the beacons.
As a mixture for the external plastering of a wooden house, cement-sand, lime-sand and cement-sand mortars with the addition of lime are used. When preparing a spray solution, a plasticizer is used.
The thickness of the first layer should be at least 10 mm. After the first layer has dried, the soil is applied. Finishing begins after the soil has completely dried.
Ready-to-use decorative plasters based on a mineral, silicone or acrylic base are used as a finish, but, before starting work, it is necessary to treat the surface with special soil mixtures.
All work is recommended to be carried out in the warm season and without direct sunlight on the wall surface. In this case, the solution will dry evenly.